\(\dfrac{2-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)^2+\left(b-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)^2+\left(c+\dfrac{4}{3}\right)^2}\)Cho a+b+c=2.Tính gtbt:
a,b,c là các số thực dương thỏa mãn a+b+c=3. CMR: \(\dfrac{a\left(a+bc\right)^2}{b\left(ab+2c^2\right)}+\dfrac{b\left(b+ca\right)^2}{c\left(bc+2a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(c+ab\right)^2}{a\left(ca+2b^2\right)}>=4\)
Trước hết theo BĐT Schur bậc 3 ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+9abc\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3abc\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\) (do \(a+b+c=3\)) (1)
Đặt vế trái BĐT cần chứng minh là P, ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{\left(a^2+abc\right)^2}{a^2b^2+2abc^2}+\dfrac{\left(b^2+abc\right)^2}{b^2c^2+2a^2bc}+\dfrac{\left(c^2+abc\right)^2}{a^2c^2+2ab^2c}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+3abc\right)^2}{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+3abc\right)^2}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}\)
Áp dụng (1):
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left[2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\right]^2}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}=4\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
cho a,b,c là số thực dương chứng minh
\(\dfrac{2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)}{ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{a^3+b^3+c^3}\ge2\)
Cho a,b,c dương. Chứng minh
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3abc\left(a+b+c\right)}.\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^3}\)
từ giả thiết, ta có \(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{zx}=1\)
đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{xy};\dfrac{1}{yz};\dfrac{1}{zx}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow a+b+c=1\) =>\(\left(\dfrac{ac}{b};\dfrac{ab}{c};\dfrac{bc}{a}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2};\dfrac{1}{y^2};\dfrac{1}{z^2}\right)\)
ta có VT=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{x^2}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{y^2}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{z^1}}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{ac}{b}}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{ab}{c}}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{bc}{a}}}\)
=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{b+ac}{b}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{a+bc}{a}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{c+ab}{c}}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(\le\sqrt{3}\sqrt{\dfrac{ac+ab+bc+ba+ca+cb}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}=\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)
ta cần chứng minh \(\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\dfrac{9}{4}\Leftrightarrow8\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le9\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
<=>\(8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le9\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\) (luôn đúng )
^_^
\(a,\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca}\) \(d,\dfrac{a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{a^4\left(b^2-c^2\right)+b^4\left(c^2-a^2\right)+c^4\left(a^2-b^2\right)}\)
\(b,\dfrac{x^3-y^3+z^3+3xyz}{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(y+z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\) \(e,\dfrac{a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{ab^2-ac^2-b^3+bc^2}\)
\(c,\dfrac{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\)
* Đặt tên các biểu thức theo thứ tự là A,B,C,D,E.
Câu a)
Theo hằng đẳng thức đáng nhớ ta có:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=(a+b+c)^3-3(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)\)
\(=(a+b+c)^3-3[ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ca(c+a)+2abc]\)
\(=(a+b+c)^3-3[ab(a+b+c)+bc(b+c+a)+ca(c+a+b)-abc]\)
\(=(a+b+c)^3-3[(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)]+3abc\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=(a+b+c)^3-3(ab+bc+ac)(a+b+c)\)
\(=(a+b+c)[(a+b+c)^2-3(ab+bc+ac)]\)
\(=(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac)\) (*)
Do đó:
\(A=\frac{(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac)}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac}=a+b+c\)
Câu b)
\(x^3-y^3+z^3+3xyz=x^3+(-y)^3+z^3-3x(-y)z\)
Sử dụng kết quả (*) của câu a. Với \(a=x, b=-y, c=z\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+(-y)^3+z^3-3x(-y)z=(x-y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz-xz)\)
Mặt khác xét mẫu số:
\((x+y)^2+(y+z)^2+(x-z)^2=x^2+2xy+y^2+y^2+2yz+z^2+x^2-2xz+z^2\)
\(=2(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz-xz)\)
Do đó: \(B=\frac{(x-y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz-xz)}{2(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz-xz)}=\frac{x-y+z}{2}\)
Câu c) Sử dụng kết quả (*) của phần a:
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=(x+y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz)\)
Và mẫu số:
\((x-y)^2+(y-z)^2+(z-x)^2=2(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz)\)
Do đó: \(C=\frac{(x+y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz)}{2(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
Câu d)
Xét tử số:
\(a^2(b-c)+b^2(c-a)+c^2(a-b)\)
\(=a^2(b-c)-b^2[(b-c)+(a-b)]+c^2(a-b)\)
\(=(b-c)(a^2-b^2)-(b^2-c^2)(a-b)\)
\(=(b-c)(a-b)(a+b)-(b-c)(b+c)(a-b)\)
\(=(a-b)(b-c)[a+b-(b+c)]=(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)\) (1)
Xét mẫu số:
\(a^4(b^2-c^2)+b^4(c^2-a^2)+c^4(a^2-b^2)\)
\(=a^4(b^2-c^2)-b^4[(b^2-c^2)+(a^2-b^2)]+c^4(a^2-b^2)\)
\(=(a^4-b^4)(b^2-c^2)-(b^4-c^4)(a^2-b^2)\)
\(=(a^2-b^2)(a^2+b^2)(b^2-c^2)-(b^2-c^2)(b^2+c^2)(a^2-b^2)\)
\(=(a^2-b^2)(b^2-c^2)[a^2+b^2-(b^2+c^2)]\)
\(=(a^2-b^2)(b^2-c^2)(a^2-c^2)\)
\(=(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)\)(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra \(D=\frac{1}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)
Câu e)
Theo phần d ta có:
\(TS=(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)\)
\(MS=ab^2-ac^2-b^3+bc^2\)
\(=b^2(a-b)-c^2(a-b)=(a-b)(b^2-c^2)=(a-b)(b-c)(b+c)\)
Do đó: \(E=\frac{(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)}{(a-b)(b-c)(b+c)}=\frac{a-c}{b+c}\)
Cho 3 số dương a,b,c
CMR : \(\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a+c\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{9}{4\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}\)
Đây là BĐT Iran 96 khá nổi tiếng. Bạn hoàn toàn có thể search trên google lời giải.
giả sử a,b,c là các số thực dương CMR
\(\dfrac{b^2c^3}{a^2\left(b+c\right)^3}+\dfrac{c^2a^3}{b^2\left(a+c\right)^3}+\dfrac{a^2c^3}{c^2\left(a+b\right)^3}\ge\dfrac{9abc}{4\left(3abc+ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\right)}\)
cho a,b,c là số thực dương. Cmr:
1.\(\dfrac{a}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\dfrac{b}{c^2+ca+a^2}+\dfrac{c}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{ab+bc+ca}\)
2.\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{b}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\dfrac{c}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)
Bài 1
\(VT=\dfrac{a^2}{ab^2+abc+ac^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2b+abc+a^2b}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2c+abc+b^2c}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc+ac\left(a+c\right)+abc+bc\left(b+c\right)+abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)+ac\left(a+b+c\right)+bc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{ab+bc+ac}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Bài 2
\(VT=\left(\sqrt{a^2}+\sqrt{b^2}+\sqrt{c^2}\right)\left[\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{b+c}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{c+a}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{c}}{a+b}\right)^2\right]\)
Áp dụng bđt Bunhiacopxki ta có
\(VT\ge\left(\sqrt{a}.\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{b+c}+\sqrt{b}.\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{c+a}+\sqrt{c}.\dfrac{\sqrt{c}}{a+b}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)^2\)
Xét \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy dạng phân thức ta có
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a^2}{ab+ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ca+bc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}=\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)^2\ge\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu '' = '' xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
cho a,b,c>0 và a+b+c=3
Tìm max của A=3(ab+bc+ca)+\(\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a-b\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(b-c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{8}\left(c-a\right)^2\)
\(A=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a-b\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(b-c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{8}\left(c-a\right)^2\\ =3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{2}+\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{4}+\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{8}\)
Áp dụng BDT: Cô-si dạng Engel:
\(\Rightarrow A=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{2}+\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{4}+\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{8}\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\dfrac{\left(a-b+b-c+c-a\right)^2}{2+4+8}=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(\text{Ta lại có: }ab+bc+ac\le a^2+b^2+c^2\\ \Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\le a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3^2=9\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\) và \(\left(2\right)\Rightarrow A\le9\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b=c\\a+b+c=3\\\dfrac{a-b}{2}+\dfrac{b-c}{4}+\dfrac{c-a}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=1\\c=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Vậy \(A_{Max}=9\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)